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Black-and-white photograph showing William Patterson in a suit, standing at a microphone, with an individual seated in front of him and one either side, and an American flag in the background

William L. Patterson addressing the organization’s national conference of the Civil Rights Congress

Printed book open to title page at right and an oval portrait of Olaudah Equiano at left.

The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano

Righthand page of open book, beginning with the word “Analysis” in capital letters

The African’s Right to Citizenship
Philadelphia: James S. Claxton, 1865
Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture

The African’s Right to Citizenship

This short pamphlet offers a bracing reminder of how few rights African Americans had in the 19th century, even after the abolition of slavery in 1865. Written by an unknown white author and addressed to white readers, the text wrestles with a startling array of assumptions we now take for granted: Black Americans should be considered citizens of the United States, they should not be deported from the United States, and they should enjoy the same “civilization” and “enlightenment” as white Americans.

: Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, Schomburg Center for Research in…

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The New York Public Library believes that this item is in the public domain under the laws of the United States, but did not make a determination as to its copyright status under the copyright laws of other countries. This item may not be in the public domain under the laws of other countries. Though not required, if you want to credit us as the source, please use the following statement, "From The New York Public Library," and provide a link back to the item on our Digital Collections site. Doing so helps us track how our collection is used and helps justify freely releasing even more content in the future.

Items in Fortitude

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  • Detail of manuscript of James Baldwin's “Open Letter to My Sister, Miss Angela Davis, in care of the Silent Majority”

    Fortitude Introduction

  • Black-and-white photograph showing William Patterson in a suit, standing at a microphone, with an individual seated in front of him and one either side, and an American flag in the background

    William L. Patterson addressing the organization’s national conference of the Civil Rights Congress

    Not currently on view

  • Righthand page of open book, beginning with the word “Analysis” in capital letters

    The African’s Right to Citizenship

    Not currently on view

  • Printed book open to title page at right and an oval portrait of Olaudah Equiano at left.

    The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano

    Not currently on view

  • Book open to the title page opposite a black-and-white illustration of Harriet Tubman in a dress, coat, crossbody bag, and headscarf, holding a rifle with its handle against the ground

    Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman

    Not currently on view

  • Black-and-white photograph of a framed photograph of a seated woman looking rather sternly at the camera

    Portrait of Susan B. Anthony

    Not currently on view

  • Printed book open to a portrait of Sojourner Truth on the left page and the title page on the right

    Narrative of Sojourner Truth

    Not currently on view

  • Detail of manuscript of James Baldwin's “Open Letter to My Sister, Miss Angela Davis, in care of the Silent Majority”

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